Перевод: с английского на все языки

со всех языков на английский

Со всех языков на:
Английский
С английского на:
Все языки
Испанский
Итальянский
Немецкий
Русский

artificial stand

Толкование Перевод

1 artificial stand

искусственное насаждение

Англо-русский словарь по экологии > artificial stand
2 artificial stand

1) Техника: искусственное лесонасаждение

2) Экология: искусственное насаждение

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > artificial stand
3 artificial stand

< wood> ■ Kultur f

English-german technical dictionary > artificial stand
4 artificial stand

искусственное насаждение

English-russian biological dictionary > artificial stand
5 stand

stand 1. насаждение; древостой; травостой; 2. штатив (микроскопа)

all-aged stand разновозрастное насаждение

artificial stand искусственное насаждение

bottle stand штатив для флакончиков

closed stand сомкнутое насаждение

complete stand полное насаждение

dense stand сомкнутое насаждение

even-aged stand одновозрастное насаждение

fully stocked stand полное насаждение

gappy stand насаждение с просветами

incomplete stand насаждение с просветами

isolated stand открытое насаждение

light stand открытое насаждение

main stand господствующее насаждение

mixed stand смешанное насаждение

multistoried stand многоярусное насаждение

open stand открытое насаждение

pipet stand штатив для пипеток

pipette stand штатив для пипеток

plant stand растительный покров

principal stand господствующее насаждение

pure stand чистое насаждение

secondary stand подчинённое насаждение

single-storied stand одноярусное насаждение

specimen stand столик для образца

staining stand подставка для окрашивания препаратов

unevened stand разновозрастное насаждение

uniform stand одновозрастное насаждение

warm stand подогреваемый столик

English-Russian dictionary of biology and biotechnology > stand
6 stand

1) насаждение; древостой; травостой

2) штатив

•

- all-aged stand
- artificial stand
- closed stand
- complete stand
- dense stand
- even-aged stand
- fully stocked stand
- gappy stand
- grass stand
- incomplete stand
- isolated stand
- light stand
- main stand
- mixed stand
- multistoried stand
- open stand
- pipette stand
- plant stand
- principal stand
- pure stand
- secondary stand
- single-storied stand
- staining stand
- stand of trees
- support stand
- timber stand
- unevened stand
- uniform stand

English-russian biological dictionary > stand
7 Artificial Intelligence

   1) Programs and the Complexity of Human Mental Processes

   In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Is an Engineering Discipline

   Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)

   3) A Sceptical View of Artificial Intelligence

   Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inﬂated predictions....

   When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)

   4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually

   Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the Program

   Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)

   6) The Meaning of a Symbolic Description

   What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   7) The Principle of Artificial Intelligence

   [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)

   8) Artificial Intelligence Recognizes the Need for Knowledge in Its Systems

   The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)

   9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form

   The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)

    10) There Are Many Types of Reasoning

   There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:

    Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins ﬂy? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can ﬂy, so robins probably can ﬂy."

    Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)

    11) Programs Are Beginning to Do Things That Critics Have Asserted to Be Impossible

   Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)

    12) The Synthesis of Man and Machine

   Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)

    13) The Thesis of Good Old-Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI)

   The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)

    14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation

   It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)

    15) Four Kinds of Artificial Intelligence

   We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.

   ♦ Nonpsychological AI

   Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.

   ♦ Weak Psychological AI

   Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.

   ♦ Strong Psychological AI

... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)

   ♦ Suprapsychological AI

   Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)

    16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts

   Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)

    17) Form and Content Are Not Fundamentally Different

   Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System

   Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence

   The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.

   The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)

    20) Mathematical Logic Provides the Basis for Theory in AI

   The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....

   AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)

    21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions

   In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)

    22) Definitions of Artificial Intelligence

   Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)

    23) The Computer Can Not Be a Model of the Mind

   Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)

    24) Computers Will Not Always Be Inferior to Human Brains

   The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence
8 homogeneous stand

Лесоводство: лесная культура (не forest culture, artificial crop, forest plantation; artificial stands)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > homogeneous stand
9 mechanism

механизм; устройство; прибор, аппарат

— actuating mechanism

— block retractor mechanism

— cam mechanism

— clamping mechanism

— desludging mechanism

— driving mechanism

— expulsion mechanism

— feed mechanism

— lifting mechanism

— operating mechanism

— overload-alarm mechanism

— pipe handling mechanism

— pipe kick-off mechanism

— recovery mechanism

— reservoir producing mechanism

— timing mechanism

— travel mechanism

— trip mechanism

* * *

1. механизм; аппарат; устройство

2. механизм ( деист вия)

automatic tripping mechanism of subsurface tools — механизм автоматического отсоединения скважинного инструмента

bottom-hole bit feeding mechanism — забойный механизм подачи долота

flame jet cutting mechanism — механизм разрушения породы в процессе огнеструйного бурения

— artificial recovery mechanism

— automatic feed-off mechanism

— bit expanding mechanism

— bit feeding mechanism

— block retractor mechanism

— boom kickout mechanism

— corrosion mechanism

— crack propagation mechanism

— damage mechanism

— failure development mechanism

— fracture mechanism

— lifting mechanism

— mechanism of failure

— mechanism of wear

— movable rotary mechanism

— pipe handling mechanism

— pipe kickoff mechanism

— recovery mechanism

— redundancy mechanism

— rotary mechanism

— stand catching mechanism

— stand raising mechanism

* * *

естественный режим пласта

* * *

1) механизм; аппарат; устройство

2) механизм ( действия)

•

- mechanism of failure
- mechanism of wear
- artificial recovery mechanism
- automatic feed-off mechanism
- automatic tripping mechanism of subsurface tools
- bit expanding mechanism
- bit feeding mechanism
- block retractor mechanism
- boom kickout mechanism
- bottomhole bit feeding mechanism
- corrosion mechanism
- crack propagation mechanism
- damage mechanism
- desludging mechanism
- destruction mechanism
- detection mechanism
- electrode feed-off mechanism
- electron beam cutting mechanism
- expulsion mechanism
- failure development mechanism
- flame jet cutting mechanism
- float mechanism
- fracture mechanism
- head-moving mechanism
- independent rotation mechanism
- kerf cutting mechanism
- lifting mechanism
- movable rotary mechanism
- natural recovery mechanism
- oil displacement mechanism
- oil recovery mechanism
- pawl mechanism of telescopic mast
- pipe handling mechanism
- pipe kickoff mechanism
- pulling-and-running mechanism
- recovery mechanism
- redundancy mechanism
- repressuring mechanism
- reservoir drive mechanism
- reservoir producing mechanism
- rock failure mechanism
- rotary mechanism
- rotating mechanism
- slip socket mechanism
- stand catching mechanism
- stand raising mechanism
- stand setting mechanism
- stand transfer mechanism
- swivel catching mechanism
- vapor balancing mechanism
- water hydraulic-feed mechanism
* * *

механизм

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > mechanism
10 leg

1. noun
1) Bein, das

upper/lower leg — Ober-/Unterschenkel, der

artificial leg — Beinprothese, die

wooden leg — Holzbein, das

as fast as my legs would carry me — so schnell mich die Füße trugen

give somebody a leg up on to a horse/over the gate — jemandem auf ein Pferd/über das Gatter helfen

be on one's last legs — sich kaum noch auf den Beinen halten können; (be about to die) mit einem Fuß od. Bein im Grabe stehen

the car is on its last legs — das Auto macht es nicht mehr lange (ugs.)

pull somebody's leg — (fig.) jemanden auf den Arm nehmen (ugs.)

not have a leg to stand on — (fig.) nichts in der Hand haben (fig.)

stretch one's legs — sich (Dat.) die Beine vertreten

get one's leg over — (sl.) einen wegstecken (ugs.)

2) (of table, chair, etc.) Bein, das

3)

trouser-legs — Hosenbeine

4) (Gastr.) Keule, die

leg of lamb/veal — Lamm-/Kalbskeule, die

5) (of journey) Etappe, die; Teilstrecke, die

6) (Sport coll.) Durchgang, der; (of relay race) Teilstrecke, die
2. transitive verb,
- gg-

leg it — (coll.) die Beine in die Hand od. unter die Arme nehmen (ugs.)

* * *
[leɡ]
noun

1) (one of the limbs by which animals and man walk: The horse injured a front leg; She stood on one leg.) das Bein

2) (the part of an article of clothing that covers one of these limbs closely: He has torn the leg of his trousers.) das Bein

3) (a long, narrow support of a table etc: One of the legs of the chair was broken.) das Bein

4) (one stage in a journey, competition etc: the last leg of the trip; the second leg of the contest.) die Etappe

•

- academic.ru/83843/-legged">-legged
- pull someone's leg
* * *

leg

[leg]

I. n

1. (limb) Bein nt

she ran home as fast as her \legs would carry her sie rannte nach Hause so schnell sie ihre Füße trugen

\leg brace Beinschiene f

to break a/one's \leg sich dat ein/das Bein brechen

to show [a lot of] \leg [viel] Bein zeigen

2. (meat) Keule f, Schlegel m SÜDD, ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ, Stotzen m SCHWEIZ

3. (clothing part) [Hosen]bein nt

4. (support) Bein nt

chair/table \leg Stuhl-/Tischbein nt

5. (segment) Etappe f; (round) Runde f

the last \leg of the race die letzte Teilstrecke des Rennens

the first/second \leg of sth der erste/zweite Abschnitt einer S. gen

6. AM ( fam)

to have \legs (remain popular) langfristig halten; (succeed) klappen fam; play, series ein Dauerbrenner sein

to lack \legs ( fam) sich akk nicht halten können; (sth new) sich akk nicht durchsetzen können

7. COMPUT Zweig m einer Schaltung

8.

▶ break a \leg! Hals- und Beinbruch!

▶ to find one's \legs sich akk zurechtfinden

▶ to get one's \leg over BRIT (fam!) bumsen sl

▶ to get up on one's hind \legs (rise) sich akk erheben; (defend oneself) sich akk auf die Hinterbeine stellen fam

▶ to give sb a \leg up ( fam: help to climb) jdm hinaufhelfen; ( fig: help sb) jdm unter die Arme greifen fam

▶ to have hollow \legs ein Loch im Bauch haben fam

▶ to have one's tail between one's \legs den Schwanz eingezogen haben

▶ to have a \leg up on sb AM jdm gegenüber einen Vorteil haben

▶ to not have [or be without] a \leg to stand on einen schweren Stand haben fam

▶ to be on one's last \legs aus dem letzten Loch pfeifen fam, sich kaum noch auf den Beinen halten

I need a new car, my old one is on its last \legs ich brauch' ein neues Auto, mein altes macht's nicht mehr lange fam

▶ to pull sb's \leg jdn aufziehen [o auf den Arm nehmen] fam

II. vt

<- gg->

▶ to \leg it ( fam: go on foot) zu Fuß gehen; (walk in a hurry) eilen

we are late, we really need to \leg it wir sind spät dran, wir müssen uns wirklich beeilen

III. n modifier (injury, support) Bein-

* * *
I [leg]
1. n

1) (also of trousers) Bein nt

the new-born calf seemed to be all legs — das neugeborene Kalb schien nur aus Beinen zu bestehen

this carpet is on its last legs — dieser Teppich hält or machts (inf) nicht mehr lange

to have legs ( esp US inf ) (idea, plan) — klappen; (story) laufen (inf)

to walk one's legs off — sich (dat) die Füße wund laufen

to walk sb's legs off — jdn (ganz schön) scheuchen (inf),

you've walked my legs off — du bist mir zu schnell gelaufen

to run sb's legs off (fig) — jdn herumscheuchen

he ran the other athletes' legs off — er rannte den anderen Läufern davon

I'll take the children to the park and run their legs off —

to be out leg before wicket (Cricket) — aus sein, weil sein vor dem Mal stehendes Bein von einem Wurf getroffen wurde

to get one's leg over ( Brit inf ) — bumsen (inf)

2) (as food) Keule f, Hachse f

leg of lamb — Lammkeule f

3) (of furniture) Bein nt; (of bed) Fuß m, Bein nt

4) (= stage) Etappe f

2. vt
II [ledZ]
n (sl)

you're a true leg — du bist ein Held (inf)

* * *

leg [leɡ]

A v/t leg it umg

a) laufen, zu Fuß gehen,

b) rennen,

c) die Beine in die Hand oder unter den Arm nehmen

B s

1. Bein n

2. Unterschenkel m

3. (Hammel- etc) Keule f:

leg of mutton

4. a) (Hosen-, Strumpf) Bein n

b) (Stiefel) Schaft m

5. a) (Stuhl-, Tisch- etc) Bein n

b) Stütze f, Strebe f, Stützpfosten m

c) Schenkel m (eines Zirkels)

6. MATH Kathete f, Schenkel m (eines Dreiecks)

7. Etappe f, Abschnitt m (einer Reise etc), auch FLUG, SPORT (Teil)Strecke f

8. SCHIFF Schlag m (Strecke, die ein kreuzendes Schiff zurücklegt, ohne zu wenden)

9. SPORT

a) Durchgang m, Lauf m

b) Runde f:

first-leg (second-leg) game Vorspiel n (Rückspiel n)

10. HIST Kratzfuß m:

make a legBesondere Redewendungen: be off one’s legs sich ausruhen;

she is never off her legs sie kommt nie zur Ruhe;

be on one’s legs again wieder auf den Beinen sein (nach einer Krankheit);

be all legs umg nur aus Beinen bestehen, Beine bis zum Kinn haben umg;

be on one’s last legs umg auf dem letzten Loch pfeifen;

my car is on its last legs umg mein Wagen macht nicht mehr lange;

the government are on their last legs umg die Regierung ist am Ende oder hat abgewirtschaftet;

find one’s legs

a) gehen oder laufen lernen (Baby),

b) fig sich freischwimmen; lernen, selbstständig zu handeln,

c) fig sich eingewöhnen;

get (up) on one’s legs (aufstehen und) sich zu Wort melden;

get sb back on their legs fig jemandem wieder auf die Beine helfen;

get a ( oder one’s) leg over sl bumsen vulg (Geschlechtsverkehr haben);

give sb a leg up

a) jemandem (hin)aufhelfen,

b) fig jemandem unter die Arme greifen;

give sb a leg up into the saddle jemandem in den Sattel helfen;

have the legs of sb umg schneller laufen (können) als jemand;

have no leg to stand on

a) keinerlei Beweise haben,

b) sich nicht herausreden können;

pull sb’s leg umg jemanden auf den Arm nehmen oder aufziehen oder foppen;

run ( oder rush) sb off his legs jemanden in Trab halten fig;

shake a leg umg

a) das Tanzbein schwingen,

b) Dampf oder Tempo machen;

show a leg umg aufstehen, aus dem Bett steigen;

stand on one’s own (two) legs auf eigenen Beinen stehen;

stretch one’s legs sich die Beine vertreten;

take to one’s legs die Beine in die Hand oder unter den Arm nehmen umg; → break¹ B 1, hind², walk off B 2

* * *
1. noun
1) Bein, das

upper/lower leg — Ober-/Unterschenkel, der

artificial leg — Beinprothese, die

wooden leg — Holzbein, das

as fast as my legs would carry me — so schnell mich die Füße trugen

give somebody a leg up on to a horse/over the gate — jemandem auf ein Pferd/über das Gatter helfen

be on one's last legs — sich kaum noch auf den Beinen halten können; (be about to die) mit einem Fuß od. Bein im Grabe stehen

the car is on its last legs — das Auto macht es nicht mehr lange (ugs.)

pull somebody's leg — (fig.) jemanden auf den Arm nehmen (ugs.)

not have a leg to stand on — (fig.) nichts in der Hand haben (fig.)

stretch one's legs — sich (Dat.) die Beine vertreten

get one's leg over — (sl.) einen wegstecken (ugs.)

2) (of table, chair, etc.) Bein, das

3)

trouser-legs — Hosenbeine

4) (Gastr.) Keule, die

leg of lamb/veal — Lamm-/Kalbskeule, die

5) (of journey) Etappe, die; Teilstrecke, die

6) (Sport coll.) Durchgang, der; (of relay race) Teilstrecke, die
2. transitive verb,
- gg-

leg it — (coll.) die Beine in die Hand od. unter die Arme nehmen (ugs.)

* * *

n.

Bein -e n.

Programmzweig m.

English-german dictionary > leg
11 leg

leɡ
noun

1) (one of the limbs by which animals and man walk: The horse injured a front leg; She stood on one leg.) pierna

2) (the part of an article of clothing that covers one of these limbs closely: He has torn the leg of his trousers.) pernera

3) (a long, narrow support of a table etc: One of the legs of the chair was broken.) pata

4) (one stage in a journey, competition etc: the last leg of the trip; the second leg of the contest.) etapa

•

- - legged
- pull someone's leg

leg n

1. pierna

Brian broke his leg Brian se rompió la pierna

2. pata

horses have four legs los caballos tienen cuatro patas

a chair with a broken leg una silla con una pata rota

leg

tr[leg]

noun

1 SMALLANATOMY/SMALL pierna (of animal) pata

2 SMALLCOOKERY/SMALL (lamb etc) pierna; (chicken etc) muslo

3 (of furniture) pata, pie nombre masculino

4 (of trousers) pernera

5 (stage) etapa

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

not to have a leg to stand on no tener en qué basarse

to be on one's last legs estar en las últimas

to give somebody a leg up familiar ayudar a alguien a subir (aguantándole un pie)

to leg it familiar (run away) irse corriendo, poner pies en polvorosa 2 (walk) ir andando

to pull somebody's leg familiar tomarle el pelo a alguien

to shake a leg familiar (hurry) espabilarse 2 (dance) bailotear

to show a leg familiar levantarse de la cama

leg ['lɛg] n

1) : pierna f (de una persona, de carne, de ropa), pata f (de un animal, de muebles)

2) stage: etapa f (de un viaje), vuelta f (de una carrera)

leg

n.

• pata s.f.

• pernil s.m.

• pierna s.f.

• recorrido s.m.

I leg
noun

1) ( Anat) ( of person) pierna f; (of animal, bird) pata f

he/she can talk the hind legs off a donkey! — (colloq) habla como una cotorra or (hasta) por los codos (fam)

not to have a leg to stand on — (colloq) llevar todas las de perder

to be on one's/its last legs — (colloq) estar* en las últimas (fam)

to pull somebody's leg — (colloq) tomarle el pelo a alguien (fam)

to stretch one's legs — estirar las piernas; (before n) < muscle> de la pierna; < injury> en la pierna

2)

a) ( Culin) (of lamb, pork) pierna f, pernil m; ( of chicken) pata f, muslo m

b) ( Clothing) pierna f; ( measurement) entrepierna f

c) (of chair, table) pata f

3) (stage - of competition, race) manga f, vuelta f; (- of journey) etapa f

II

transitive verb - gg-

to leg it — (colloq) ( go on foot) ir* a pata (fam); ( run) ir* corriendo

[leɡ]
1. N

1) [of person] pierna f; [of animal, bird, insect] pata f; [of furniture] (=one of set) pata f; (=central support) pie m; [of trousers] pernera f; [of stocking] caña f

artificial leg — pierna f ortopédica or artificial

wooden leg — pierna f de madera, pata f de palo *

he was the fastest thing on two legs — era rápido donde los haya

to give sb a leg up — (Brit) * (lit) aupar a algn; (fig) dar un empujoncito a algn *, echar un cable a algn *

- get one's or a leg over

- have legs

- be on its/one's last legs
every, gasp 1., laugh 1., 1), post I, 1., 2), supper, resort 1., 1), straw 1., 1), word 1., 1)
the company is on its last legs — la compañía está en las últimas *

the washing machine is on its last legs — la lavadora está en las últimas *

- pull sb's leg

- shake a leg

- show a leg!

- he hasn't got a leg to stand on
arm I break 2., 1), hind I inside 5., last I, 1., 3) stretch 2., 3)
2) (Culin) [of lamb, mutton, pork] pierna f; [of chicken, turkey] muslo m, pata f

frogs' legs — ancas fpl de rana

3) (=stage) [of journey] tramo m, etapa f; [of race] etapa f, manga f; [of championship] vuelta f

2.

VT
*
to leg it — (=go on foot) ir a pata *; (=run) echarse una carrera *; (=run away) salir por piernas or patas *

3.

CPD

leg bone N — tibia f

leg iron N — (Med) aparato m ortopédico

leg irons NPL — (for prisoner) grilletes mpl

leg muscles NPL — músculos mpl de las piernas

leg room N — sitio m para las piernas

* * *

I [leg]
noun

1) ( Anat) ( of person) pierna f; (of animal, bird) pata f

he/she can talk the hind legs off a donkey! — (colloq) habla como una cotorra or (hasta) por los codos (fam)

not to have a leg to stand on — (colloq) llevar todas las de perder

to be on one's/its last legs — (colloq) estar* en las últimas (fam)

to pull somebody's leg — (colloq) tomarle el pelo a alguien (fam)

to stretch one's legs — estirar las piernas; (before n) < muscle> de la pierna; < injury> en la pierna

2)

a) ( Culin) (of lamb, pork) pierna f, pernil m; ( of chicken) pata f, muslo m

b) ( Clothing) pierna f; ( measurement) entrepierna f

c) (of chair, table) pata f

3) (stage - of competition, race) manga f, vuelta f; (- of journey) etapa f

II

transitive verb - gg-

to leg it — (colloq) ( go on foot) ir* a pata (fam); ( run) ir* corriendo

English-spanish dictionary > leg
12 Cognitive Science

   1) The Basic Idea of Cognitive Science

   The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense.... [P]eople and intelligent computers turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)

   2) Experimental Psychology, Theoretical Linguistics, and Computational Simulation of Cognitive Processes Are All Components of Cognitive Science

   I went away from the Symposium with a strong conviction, more intuitive than rational, that human experimental psychology, theoretical linguistics, and computer simulation of cognitive processes were all pieces of a larger whole, and that the future would see progressive elaboration and coordination of their shared concerns.... I have been working toward a cognitive science for about twenty years beginning before I knew what to call it. (G. A. Miller, 1979, p. 9)

   3) The Nature of Cognitive Science

    Cognitive Science studies the nature of cognition in human beings, other animals, and inanimate machines (if such a thing is possible). While computers are helpful within cognitive science, they are not essential to its being. A science of cognition could still be pursued even without these machines.

    Computer Science studies various kinds of problems and the use of computers to solve them, without concern for the means by which we humans might otherwise resolve them. There could be no computer science if there were no machines of this kind, because they are indispensable to its being. Artificial Intelligence is a special branch of computer science that investigates the extent to which the mental powers of human beings can be captured by means of machines.

   There could be cognitive science without artificial intelligence but there could be no artificial intelligence without cognitive science. One final caveat: In the case of an emerging new discipline such as cognitive science there is an almost irresistible temptation to identify the discipline itself (as a field of inquiry) with one of the theories that inspired it (such as the computational conception...). This, however, is a mistake. The field of inquiry (or "domain") stands to specific theories as questions stand to possible answers. The computational conception should properly be viewed as a research program in cognitive science, where "research programs" are answers that continue to attract followers. (Fetzer, 1996, pp. xvi-xvii)

   4) The Nature of Cognitive Science

   What is the nature of knowledge and how is this knowledge used? These questions lie at the core of both psychology and artificial intelligence.

   The psychologist who studies "knowledge systems" wants to know how concepts are structured in the human mind, how such concepts develop, and how they are used in understanding and behavior. The artificial intelligence researcher wants to know how to program a computer so that it can understand and interact with the outside world. The two orientations intersect when the psychologist and the computer scientist agree that the best way to approach the problem of building an intelligent machine is to emulate the human conceptual mechanisms that deal with language.... The name "cognitive science" has been used to refer to this convergence of interests in psychology and artificial intelligence....

   This working partnership in "cognitive science" does not mean that psychologists and computer scientists are developing a single comprehensive theory in which people are no different from machines. Psychology and artificial intelligence have many points of difference in methods and goals.... We simply want to work on an important area of overlapping interest, namely a theory of knowledge systems. As it turns out, this overlap is substantial. For both people and machines, each in their own way, there is a serious problem in common of making sense out of what they hear, see, or are told about the world. The conceptual apparatus necessary to perform even a partial feat of understanding is formidable and fascinating. (Schank & Abelson, 1977, pp. 1-2)

   5) The New Field of Cognitive Science

   Within the last dozen years a general change in scientific outlook has occurred, consonant with the point of view represented here. One can date the change roughly from 1956: in psychology, by the appearance of Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin's Study of Thinking and George Miller's "The Magical Number Seven"; in linguistics, by Noam Chomsky's "Three Models of Language"; and in computer science, by our own paper on the Logic Theory Machine. (Newell & Simon, 1972, p. 4)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Cognitive Science
13 substitute

1. n заместитель

2. n спорт. заменяющий

3. n спорт. запасные игроки

substitute gymnast — запасной участник команды гимнастов

4. n замена

temporary substitute — временная замена

substitute resolution — резолюция взамен предложенной

substitute item — элемент замены

substitute character — символ замены

substitute rivet — заклепка для замены

5. n заменитель; суррогат

cheap substitute — дешёвый заменитель

blood substitute — заменитель крови

coffee substitute — заменитель кофе

milk substitute — заменитель молока

money substitute — заменитель денег

total substitute — полный заменитель

6. n юр. субститут, подназначенный наследник

7. v заменять; подменять; использовать вместо

to substitute effectively — эффективно заменить

to erase a word and substitute another — стереть слово и вставить другое

to substitute saccharine for sugar — заменить сахар сахарином

substitute the aircraft — заменять самолет

8. v замещать

can you substitute for me till I return? — не подменишь ли ты меня, пока я не вернусь?

9. v юр. назначать наследника

Синонимический ряд:

1. alternate (adj.) alternate; alternative; ersatz; surrogate; temporary; tentative; vicarious

2. artificial (adj.) artificial; dummy; false; imitation; mock; sham; simulated; spurious

3. alternate (noun) alternate; fill-in; locum tenens; pinch hitter; proxy; replacement; representative; stand-in; sub; succedaneum; surrogate

4. resource (noun) dernier ressort; expediency; expedient; makeshift; recourse; refuge; resort; resource; shift; stopgap; string

5. fill in (verb) fill in; relieve; supplant

6. stand in (verb) sit in; stand in

7. trade (verb) change; commute; exchange; interchange; swap; switch; trade

Антонимический ряд:

regular

English-Russian base dictionary > substitute
14 leg

leɡ
1. сущ.
1) а) нога( от бедра до ступни) to bend one's legs ≈ согнуть ноги to cross one's legs ≈ скрестить ноги, положить ногу на ногу to lift, raise one's legs ≈ поднять ноги to lower one's legs ≈ опустить ноги to spread one's legs ≈ вытянуть ноги to straighten one's legs ≈ выпрямить ноги to stretch one's legs ≈ вытянуть ноги game, gammy брит. leg ≈ хромая нога to keep one's legs ≈ прочно держаться на ногах;
устоять to run off one's leg ≈ сбиться с ног to take to one's leg ≈ удрать, улизнуть to walk smb. off his legs ≈ сильно утомить кого-л. ходьбой, прогулкой give smb. a leg up б) нога, лапа( у животного) front legs ≈ передние ноги, лапы hind legs ≈ задние ноги, лапы to kick one's legs ≈ брыкаться (о лошади и т. п.) в) искусственная нога, протез artificial, wooden leg ≈ протез, деревянная нога
2) ножка;
подпорка, подставка, опорная стойка;
перен. опора, поддержка One leg of the chair is cracked. ≈ Одна ножка стула треснула. Syn: prop, support, upright, brace
3) штанина;
разг. паголенок
4) а) этап, отрезок (пути, путешествия и т. п.) We're finally on the last leg of our journey. ≈ Наконец мы находимся на последнем этапе нашего путешествия. Syn: portion, segment, part, stage, section, lap, stretch б) спорт этап (эстафеты) ;
круг( в беге)
5) разг. жулик, мошенник, шулер
6) тех. колено, угольник
7) электр. фаза
8) уст. расшаркивание to make a leg ≈ расшаркиваться
9) мат. сторона( треугольника) ∙ to get a leg in разг. ≈ втереться в доверие to have by the leg амер. ≈ поставить в затруднительное положение stretch one's legs according to the coverlet посл. ≈ по одежке протягивай ножки set smb. on his legs to put smb. on his legs
2. гл.;
разг. быстро идти или бежать( обыкн. leg it) He was now to be seen legging it across the field. ≈ Он был виден быстро бегущим по полю. нога ( от бедра до ступни) - long in the * длинноногий - * hold захват ноги (борьба) нога, лапа (животного) ;
лапка( насекомого) - to lift /to heave up/ the * задрать ногу (о собаке) - to change * сменить аллюр( о лошади) ножной протез - wooden * деревянная нога голень нога, задняя голяшка (часть туши) - * of mutton баранья нога (блюдо) ножка, подпорка, подставка;
стойка - * of a table ножка стола - * of a pair of dividers ножка циркуля-измерителя штанина;
паголенок - * and foot of a stocking паголенок и лапа чулка этап, часть пути - the first * of a round-the-world flight первый этап кругосветного перелета - both *s of the cruise оба конца рейса (спортивное) этап в эстафете (морское) галс (космонавтика) участок траектории участок дороги непосредственно около пересечения или примыкания "нога бэтсмена" (часть поля;
крикет) (спортивное) тур, круг ( спортивное) круг (бег) (разговорное) сокр. от blackleg линейка( рейсшины) (техническое) косяк;
колено;
угольник (математика) сторона (треугольника) ;
катет - adjacent * прилежащий катет - opposite * противолежащий катет отрезок ломаной линии длинная сторона параллелепипеда (электротехника) фаза, плечо( трехфазной системы) (устаревшее) расшаркивание - to make /to scrape, (редкое) to cast away/ a * расшаркиваться плечо, ветвь( прибора, электрической цепи и т. п.) > * and * равный счет( в состязании, игре) > on the * длинноногий (о собаке) > all *s высокий и худой, длинный, долговязый( о подростке) > all *s and wings имеющий слишком высокие мачты (о корабле) > to get a * in пролезть( куда-л.) ;
втереться в доверие > to have the *s (морское) иметь большую скорость > to have the *s of smb. бежать быстрее кого-л., обгонять кого-л.;
показать кому-л. пятки > to stand (up) on one's own *s стоять на (своих собственных) ногах;
ни от кого не зависеть, быть самостоятельным > to put /to set/ smb. on his *s поставить кого-л. на ноги (после болезни) ;
поставить кого-л. на ноги, создать кому-л. прочное положение > to feel one's *s научиться стоять или ходить( о ребенке) > to find one's *s научиться стоять или ходить (о ребенке) ;
освоиться в новой обстановке;
приобрести уверенность;
почувствовать почву под ногами > to dance smb. off his *s замучить кого-л. танцами > to be /to run/ off one's *s сбиться с ног, быть без ног (от усталости) > to keep one's *s прочно держаться на ногах;
устоять > to have (got) by the * (американизм) поставить в затруднительное положение > to have not a * to stand on быть беспочвенным /необоснованным/;
не иметь оправдания > to lose one's *s хватить лишнего, не держаться на ногах > to be on one's last *s быть при последнем издыхании, доживать последние минуты4 быть в полном изнеможении > to pull /(шотл) to draw/ smb.'s * подшучивать над кем-л.;
сыграть шутку с кем-л.;
морочить голову кому-л. > to put /to set/ one's best * foremost делать все возможное > to show a * встать с постели > show a *! не спи!, шевелись! > to take to one's *s удрать, улизнуть > to try it on the other * попытаться использовать последнюю возможность > stretch one's *s according to the coverlet (пословица) по одежке протягивай ножки > books with *s книги, которые не залеживаются в магазинах > * circles меты на коне (гимнастика) > * vice стуловые /верстачные, слесарные/ тиски( разговорное) (обыкн. to * it) ходить, шагать;
быстро передвигаться;
(у) бежать - * it! шевелись! - * it out of here! вали отсюда! толкать, проталкивать ногой (тж. * through) (спортивное) захватить ногой (мяч) ударить по ноге to get a ~ in разг. втереться в доверие to give (smb.) a ~ up помочь( кому-л.) взобраться, подсадить( кого-л.) ;
перен. помочь (кому-л.) преодолеть препятствие, трудности to set (или to put) (smb.) on his ~s помочь (кому-л.) материально;
to have by the leg амер. поставить в затруднительное положение to have not a ~ to stand on не иметь оправдания, извинения to have the legs( of smb.) бежать быстрее (кого-л.) ;
убежать( от кого-л.) ;
to stand on one's own legs быть независимым ~ нога (от бедра до ступни) ;
to keep one's legs прочно держаться на ногах;
устоять leg разг.: to leg it ходить;
бежать;
отмахать ~ вчт. ветвь ~ ветвь программы ~ искусственная нога, протез ~ тех. колено, угольник ~ нога (от бедра до ступни) ;
to keep one's legs прочно держаться на ногах;
устоять ~ ножка, подпорка;
подставка, стойка;
перен. опора ~ разг. плут, мошенник ~ уст. расшаркивание;
to make a leg расшаркиваться ~ мат. сторона (треугольника) ;
leg and leg равный счет( в состязании, игре) ~ эл. фаза ~ часть пути ~ штанина;
leg of a stocking паголенок ~ спорт. этап (эстафеты) ;
круг (в беге) ~ этап, часть пути ~ этап ~ мат. сторона (треугольника) ;
leg and leg равный счет( в состязании, игре) leg разг.: to leg it ходить;
бежать;
отмахать ~ штанина;
leg of a stocking паголенок ~ уст. расшаркивание;
to make a leg расшаркиваться to pull (smb.'s) ~ морочить, одурачивать, мистифицировать( кого-л.) to run off one's ~s сбиться с ног to set (или to put) (smb.) on his ~s помочь (кому-л.) материально;
to have by the leg амер. поставить в затруднительное положение to set (или to put) (smb.) on his ~s поставить на ноги (после болезни) to have the legs (of smb.) бежать быстрее (кого-л.) ;
убежать( от кого-л.) ;
to stand on one's own legs быть независимым stretch one's legs according to the coverlet посл. = по одежке протягивай ножки to take to one's ~s удрать, улизнуть to walk (smb.) off his ~s сильно утомить (кого-л.) ходьбой, прогулкой your argument has not a ~ to stand on ваш довод не выдерживает критики

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > leg
15 dummy

1. noun
1) (of tailor) Schneiderpuppe, die; (in shop) Modepuppe, die; Schaufensterpuppe, die; (of ventriloquist) Puppe, die; (coll.): (stupid person) Dummkopf, der (ugs.); Doofi, der (ugs.)

like a stuffed dummy — wie ein Ölgötze (ugs.)

2) (imitation) Attrappe, die; Dummy, der; (Commerc.) Schaupackung, die

3) (esp. Brit.): (for baby) Schnuller, der
2. attributive adjective
unecht; blind [Tür, Fenster]; Übungs- (Mil.)

dummy gun — Gewehrattrappe, die

dummy run — Probelauf, der

* * *

plural - dummies; noun

1) (an artificial substitute looking like the real thing: The packets of cigarettes on display were dummies.) die Attrappe

2) (a model of a human used for displaying clothes etc: a dressmaker's dummy.) die (Schaufenster)Puppe

3) (an artificial teat put in a baby's mouth to comfort it.) der Schnuller

* * *

dum·my

[ˈdʌmi]

I. n

1. (mannequin) Schaufensterpuppe f; (crash test dummy) Dummy m; (doll)

[ventriloquist's] \dummy [Bauchredner]puppe f

to stand there like a stuffed \dummy ( fam) wie ein Ölgötze dastehen pej fam

2. (substitute) Attrappe f

3. BRIT, AUS (for baby) Schnuller m, Nuggi m SCHWEIZ fam

4. ( pej: fool) Dummkopf m pej

5. CARDS (in bridge) Strohmann m

6. LAW Gesetzesvorlage f in erster Lesung

II. adj attr, inv (duplicate) nachgemacht; (not real) unecht; (false) falsch

\dummy ammunition Übungsmunition f; (blank cartridge) Platzpatronen pl

\dummy variable Scheinvariable f

III. vi AM ( fam)

▪ to \dummy up dichthalten fam, kein Sterbenswörtchen sagen fam

* * *
['dʌmɪ]
1. n

1) (= sham object) Attrappe f; (COMM) Schaupackung f, Attrappe f; (for clothes) (Schaufenster- or Kleider)puppe f; (of book) Blindband m → ventriloquist's dummy, tailor's dummy

See:

→ ventriloquist's dummy, tailor's dummy

2) (Brit: baby's teat) Schnuller m

3) (CARDS: person) Dummy m; (= cards) Tisch m

4) (inf: fool) Dummkopf m, Idiot m (inf), Doofie m (inf)

5) (FTBL ETC) Finte f

to sell sb a dummy — jdn antäuschen

2. adj attr
(= not real) unecht
it's just a dummy grenade — das ist nur die Attrappe einer Granate

a dummy company — eine Scheinfirma

a dummy bomb/weapon — eine Bomben-/Waffenattrappe

dummy pills — Placebos pl

* * *

dummy [ˈdʌmı]

A s

1. Attrappe f, WIRTSCH auch Leer-, Schaupackung f (in Schaufenstern etc):

sell sb a dummy SPORT jemanden austricksen

2. a) Schaufensterpuppe f: → academic.ru/22369/dressmaker">dressmaker

b) Dummy m, Puppe f (bei Crashtests)

3. WIRTSCH, JUR Strohmann m

4. Kartenspiel:

a) Strohmann m

b) Whistspiel n mit Strohmann:

double dummy Whistspiel mit zwei Strohmännern

5. Br Schnuller m

6. Puppe f, Figur f (als Zielscheibe)

7. umg Dummkopf m, Blödmann m

8. umg jemand, der den Mund nicht aufmacht

9. US vierseitige Verkehrsampel

10. TYPO Dummy m, auch n:

a) Blindband m

b) Stärkeband m

11. TECH (eine) Rangierlokomotive

B adj

1. fiktiv, vorgeschoben, Schein…:

dummy candidates;

dummy cartridge MIL Exerzierpatrone f;

dummy concern WIRTSCH Scheinunternehmen n;

dummy grenade MIL Übungshandgranate f;

dummy gun Gewehrattrappe f;

dummy run fig Probelauf m

2. unecht, nachgemacht

* * *
1. noun
1) (of tailor) Schneiderpuppe, die; (in shop) Modepuppe, die; Schaufensterpuppe, die; (of ventriloquist) Puppe, die; (coll.): (stupid person) Dummkopf, der (ugs.); Doofi, der (ugs.)

like a stuffed dummy — wie ein Ölgötze (ugs.)

2) (imitation) Attrappe, die; Dummy, der; (Commerc.) Schaupackung, die

3) (esp. Brit.): (for baby) Schnuller, der
2. attributive adjective
unecht; blind [Tür, Fenster]; Übungs- (Mil.)

dummy gun — Gewehrattrappe, die

dummy run — Probelauf, der

* * *

(replica) n.

Attrappe -n f. adj.

Schein- präfix.

unecht adj. n.

Schnuller m.

Stellvertreter m.

(für ein Buch (<¨-er>) im Regal)

English-german dictionary > dummy
16 false

1. n разг. лжец, обманщик

2. n разг. подделка; фальшивка

3. a ложный, неверный; ошибочный

false accusation — ложное обвинение

false note — фальшивая нота

false shame — ложный стыд

false pride — ложная гордость; ложное самолюбие

false pains — ложные схватки

to take a false step — сделать неверный шаг; совершить ошибку

to be in a false position — оказаться в ложном положении

false seam — ложный шов

false step — ложный шаг

false debt — ложный долг

false rib — ложное ребро

false call — ложный вызов

4. a фальшивый, неискренний, притворный; вероломный, лживый

false tears — притворные слёзы

false threading — фальшивая резьба

false watermark — фальшивый водяной знак

false front — декоративный, фальшивый фасад

utter the false coins — сбывать фальшивые деньги

uttered the false coins — сбывать фальшивые деньги

5. a поддельный, фальшивый

false coin — фальшивая монета

false hair — фальшивые волосы, парик

false teeth — искусственные зубы

false jewelry — фальшивые драгоценности

false pillars — декоративные колонны

uttering the false coins — сбывание фальшивых денег

6. a тех. дополнительный, вспомогательный; временный

false timbering — временное крепление

false set — вспомогательный венец

7. a юр. неправомерный, противозаконный

false imprisonment — незаконное лишение свободы

false arrest — незаконный, неправомерный арест

8. adv обманным путём; коварно

his memory played him false — память подвела его

under false pretence — обманным путем

under false pretences — обманным путём

Синонимический ряд:

1. artificial (adj.) artificial; dummy; ersatz; mock; simulated; stand-in; substitute; supplementary

2. counterfactual (adj.) counterfactual; erroneous; improper; inaccurate; incorrect; mistaken; off; unsound; wrong

3. counterfeit (adj.) bogus; brummagem; counterfeit; fake; fraudulent; phony; pinchbeck; pseudo; sham; snide

4. deceitful (adj.) deceitful; disingenuous; hypocritical; inconstant; malicious; treasonable; villainous

5. feigned (adj.) feigned; forged; imitation

6. invalid (adj.) fallacious; illogical; invalid; sophistic; specious; spurious

7. lying (adj.) lying; mendacious; untruthful

8. misleading (adj.) beguiling; deceiving; deceptive; deluding; delusive; delusory; misleading

9. untrue (adj.) disloyal; faithless; false-hearted; perfidious; recreant; traitorous; treacherous; unfaithful; unloyal; untrue

Антонимический ряд:

actual; authentic; axiomatic; candid; certain; conclusive; confirmed; correct; established; factual; faithful; genuine; honest; honourable; loyal; real; true

English-Russian base dictionary > false
17 ♦ light

♦ light (1) /laɪt/
n.

1 [uc] luce; lume; lampada; fanale; chiarore; splendore; (fig.) aspetto, punto di vista: the light of the sun [of an electric bulb], la luce del sole [di una lampadina elettrica]; artificial light, luce artificiale; bright light, luce intensa; dim light, luce fioca; The light went off, la luce si è spenta; Switch on the light, will you?, accendi la luce, per favore; I saw a distant light, vidi un lume in lontananza; There was a strange light in the girl's eyes, c'era una strana luce negli occhi della ragazza; to put sb. [st.] in a bad light, mettere q. [qc.] in cattiva luce; to bring new facts to light, portare alla luce fatti nuovi; a five-light chandelier, un lampadario a cinque luci (o lampade); by the light of, a lume di; a shaft of light, un raggio di luce

2 fiammifero; fuoco: to strike a light, accendere un fiammifero; to give sb. a light, dare del fuoco (o da accendere) a q.; DIALOGO → - Asking for a light- Excuse me, have you got a light please?, mi scusi, ha da accendere?

3 (fig.) luminare: He was one of the leading lights of the century, fu uno dei luminari del secolo

4 [u] (poet.) luce degli occhi; vista

5 (pl.) ( slang) (gli) occhi; (le) luci (poet.)

6 (edil.) luce; lastra di vetro; apertura in un muro ( per finestra, ecc.); lucernario

7 (autom., = indicator light) spia: main-beam light, spia degli abbaglianti; warning light, spia luminosa

8 (= traffic light) luce di semaforo ( stradale); (pl.) semaforo: to wait for the green light, aspettare il verde; (pl.) semaforo: When you get to the ( traffic) lights, turn right, quando arrivi al semaforo, volta a destra

9 (pl.) (teatr.) luci della ribalta

● to be light, fare giorno; farsi luce □ (pitt.) the lights and darks of a painting, le zone di luce e ombra di un quadro □ ( arte) light and shade, luce e ombra; zone in luce e zone in ombra □ light bar, barra luminosa ( sul tettuccio di un'automobile, ecc.) □ light beam, raggio di luce □ l-box, tavolo luminoso; visore ( per negativi, diapositive, ecc.); ( anche) lampada a cubo □ (elettr.) light bulb, lampadina □ (naut.) light buoy, boa luminosa □ (naut.) light list, elenco dei fari e fanali □ (tecn.) light meter, fotometro portatile; esposimetro □ (elettron.) light-negative, fotoresistente □ ( di una persona) to be the light of sb. 's life, essere la luce degli occhi di q. □ lights-out, ora di spegnere le luci ( in collegio, ecc.); (mil.) ordine di spegnere le luci ( in caserma); (il) silenzio □ light-pen, penna luminosa; penna ottica □ (edil.) light point, punto luce □ light range, portata luminosa □ ( ottica) light ray, raggio di luce; raggio luminoso □ (elettron.) light-sensitive, fotosensibile □ (naut.) light station, stazione semaforica □ light-tight, a tenuta di luce □ (naut.) light vessel, faro galleggiante; nave faro □ (archit.) light well, pozzo di luce; lucernario □ (astron.) a light year, un anno luce; (fig.) secoli, un'eternità □ according to one's lights, secondo i propri lumi; a proprio giudizio □ to bring st. to light, portare qc. alla luce; mettere qc. in luce; rivelare qc. □ by the light of the moon, al chiaro di luna □ to cast (o to throw) light on st., far luce su (o chiarire) qc. □ to come to light, venire alla luce; manifestarsi □ (autom.) to cut the lights, bruciare il semaforo; passare col rosso □ to go out like a light, addormentarsi di colpo □ (fig.) green light, via libera, autorizzazione □ ( Bibbia) to hide one's light under a bushel, mettere la fiaccola sotto il moggio; tenere celate le proprie virtù □ ( arte) the high lights, i chiari; la zona d'un quadro in piena luce □ in the light of ( USA in light of), alla luce di: in the light of what he told me later, alla luce di quello che mi disse in seguito □ (autom., ingl.) to jump the lights, bruciare il semaforo; passare col rosso □ to put out sb. 's lights, tramortire q. □ to see the light, vedere la luce, nascere; venire al mondo; ( anche) cominciare a capire, accettare un'idea; ricevere l'illuminazione, convertirsi ( a una religione) □ to set light to st., dare fuoco a qc. □ to shed (o to throw) light on st., gettare (o fare) luce su qc. □ to stand in one's own light, togliersi la luce, farsi ombra; (fig.) nuocere a sé stesso □ to stand in sb. 's light, togliere la luce (o fare ombra) a q.; (fig.) danneggiare (o ostacolare) q.
♦ light (2) /laɪt/
a.

1 chiaro; luminoso; rischiarato: on a light summer day, in una luminosa giornata d'estate

2 ( di colore) chiaro: light blue, azzurro; light green, verde chiaro

3 ( di capelli) biondi

4 ( di carnagione) pallido: a light complexion, una carnagione pallida

5 (= light-coloured) chiaro: a light-coloured dress, un vestito chiaro

6 (tipogr.; di un carattere) chiaro: light face, chiaro; carattere chiaro

● the Light Blues ► blue □ light-skinned, dalla pelle chiara.
♦ light (3) /laɪt/
a.

1 leggero ( in ogni senso); lieve; agile; (fig.) incostante, frivolo, spensierato, allegro: a light box, una scatola leggera; light clothing, abiti leggeri; (mil., naut.) a light cruiser, un incrociatore leggero; (mil.) light weapons, armi leggere; a light blow, un lieve colpo; a light wind, un lieve vento; un venticello; light wine, vino leggero; a light rain, una lieve pioggia; una pioggerella; with light steps, a passi leggeri; a light meal, un pasto leggero; light sleep [work], sonno [lavoro] leggero; light behaviour, comportamento leggero (o frivolo, incostante); light comedy, commedia leggera; a light sentence, una condanna lieve [o mite]; with a light expense, con lieve spesa; a light heart, un animo spensierato; un cuor contento; I did it with a light heart, lo feci a cuor leggero

2 troppo leggero; scarso ( di peso): to give light weight, dare il peso scarso; rubare sul peso; a light coin, una moneta di peso scarso

3 friabile; soffice: light soil, terreno friabile; light bread, pane soffice

4 (fon.: di sillaba) non accentata

● (aeron.) light aircraft, aereo da turismo □ light ale, birra a bassa gradazione alcolica □ (mil.) light-armed, con armamento leggero □ light cream, panna light; panna da caffè; mezza panna □ (naut.) light displacement, dislocamento a vuoto □ a light drink, una bevanda poco alcolica, un drink leggero □ light-fingered, dalle dita agili (o veloci); (fig.) lesto di mano, bravo a rubare □ ( sport) light fly weight, minimosca; peso minimosca □ light-footed, agile; lesto; svelto □ light-footedness, agilità, sveltezza □ light-handed, dalla mano leggera, dal guanto di velluto □ light-handedness, l'avere la mano leggera; (fig.) tatto □ light-headed, stordito, che ha le vertigini; sbadato, sventato, frivolo; ( anche) brillo □ light-headedness, giramento di capo; sbadataggine; sventatezza, frivolezza □ light-hearted, gaio; allegro; spensierato □ light-heartedness, gaiezza; allegria; spensieratezza □ ( sport) light heavyweight, mediomassimo, peso mediomassimo □ (mil.) light horse, cavalleria leggera □ light in the head, che ha il capogiro; sempliciotto, stolto, stupido □ (econ.) light industry, industria leggera □ (mil.) light infantry, fanteria con armamento leggero □ (mil.) light machine gun, mitragliatrice leggera; fucile mitragliatore □ (metall.) light metal, metallo leggero; lega leggera □ ( sport) light middleweight, medioleggero; peso medioleggero □ light-minded, frivolo, leggero □ light-mindedness, frivolezza; leggerezza □ light on one's feet, agile di gambe; svelto □ (mus.) light opera, operetta □ a light railway, una ferrovia secondaria ( per traffico leggero) □ light reading, letture amene □ light remarks, osservazioni frivole □ a light sleeper, uno che ha il sonno leggero □ a light smoker, uno che non fuma molto □ (mil.) a light tank, un carro (armato) leggero □ (trasp.) light truck, autocarro leggero □ (polit.) a light vote, un numero scarso di votanti □ (fis. nucl.) light water, acqua leggera □ (fis. nucl.) light-water reactor, reattore ad acqua leggera □ ( sport) light welterweight, superleggero; peso superleggero; welter junior □ (fam.) to get off light, cavarsela a buon mercato □ to have light fingers, avere dita agili; (fig.) essere svelto di mano (o bravo a rubare) □ to have a light hand (o touch), avere la mano leggera; essere abile (o bravo) ( nel far dolci, ecc.); (fig.) essere pieno di tatto □ to make light of st., non dar peso a qc.; prender qc. alla leggera □ (aeron.: di un aeromobile) lighter-than-air, aerostatico.
(to) light (1) /laɪt/
(pass. e p. p. lighted, lit)

A v. t.

1 accendere; dare fuoco a: to light a fire, accendere un fuoco

2 illuminare; rischiarare: Lamps light the streets, le lampade (o i fanali) illuminano le strade; A shining smile lit (up) her face, un sorriso luminoso le rischiarò il viso

3 far luce a; illuminare la strada a: The moon lit my way, mi fece luce la luna

B v. i. ( spesso to light up)

1 accendersi; prendere fuoco: The bonfire lit up at once, il falò si accese subito

2 illuminarsi; rischiararsi.
(to) light (2) /laɪt/
(pass. e p. p. lighted, lit)

A v. i.

1 ( raro) scendere, smontare ( da cavallo, da un veicolo; ► to alight)

2 ( di uccelli) posarsi: We waited for the ducks to light, abbiamo aspettato che le anitre si posassero

B v. t.

(naut.) ► to lighten (2) A, def. 2.

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ light
18 light

I 1. noun
1) Licht, das

in a good light — bei gutem Licht

be in somebody's light — jemandem im Licht sein

at first light — bei Tagesanbruch

while the light lasts — solange es [noch] hell ist

light of day — (lit. or fig.) Tageslicht, das

2) (electric lamp) Licht, das; (fitting) Lampe, die

go out like a light — (fig.) sofort weg sein (ugs.)

3) (signal to ships) Leuchtfeuer, das

4) in sing. or pl. (signal to traffic) Ampel, die

at the third set of lights — an der dritten Ampel

5) (to ignite) Feuer, das

have you got a light? — haben Sie Feuer?

put a/set light to something — etwas anzünden

6)

throw or shed light [up]on something — Licht in etwas (Akk.) bringen

bring something to light — etwas ans [Tages]licht bringen; see also academic.ru/65424/see">see 1. 1)

7) in pl. (beliefs, abilities)

according to one's lights — nach bestem Wissen [und Gewissen]

8) (aspect)

in that light — aus dieser Sicht

seen in this light — so gesehen

in the light of — (taking into consideration) angesichts (+ Gen.)

show somebody in a bad light — ein schlechtes Licht auf jemanden werfen

put somebody in a good/bad light — jemanden in einem guten/schlechten Licht erscheinen lassen
2. adjective
hell

light-blue/-brown — etc. hellblau/-braun usw
3. transitive verb,
lit or lighted

1) (ignite) anzünden

2) (illuminate) erhellen

light somebody's/one's way — jemandem/sich leuchten
4. intransitive verb,
lit or lighted [Feuer, Zigarette:] brennen, sich anzünden lassen

Phrasal Verbs:

- light up
II 1. adjective
1) leicht

[for] light relief — [als] kleine Abwechslung

be a light sleeper — einen leichten Schlaf haben

2) (small in amount) gering

traffic is light on these roads — auf diesen Straßen herrscht nur wenig Verkehr

3) (not important) leicht

make light of something — etwas bagatellisieren

4) (nimble) leicht [Schritt, Bewegungen]

have light fingers — (steal) gern lange Finger machen (ugs.)

5) (easily borne) leicht [Krankheit, Strafe]; gering [Steuern]; mild [Strafe]

6)

with a light heart — (carefree) leichten od. frohen Herzens

7)

feel light in the head — (giddy) leicht benommen sein
2. adverb
travel light — mit wenig od. leichtem Gepäck reisen
III intransitive verb,
lit or lighted (come by chance)

light [up]on something — auf etwas (Akk.) kommen od. stoßen

* * *
I 1. noun
1) (the brightness given by the sun, a flame, lamps etc that makes things able to be seen: It was nearly dawn and the light was getting stronger; Sunlight streamed into the room.) das Licht

2) (something which gives light (eg a lamp): Suddenly all the lights went out.) das Licht

3) (something which can be used to set fire to something else; a flame: Have you got a light for my cigarette?) das Feuer

4) (a way of viewing or regarding: He regarded her action in a favourable light.) das Licht
2. adjective
1) (having light; not dark: The studio was a large, light room.) licht, hell

2) ((of a colour) pale; closer to white than black: light green.) hell
3. [lit] verb
1) (to give light to: The room was lit only by candles.) erleuchten

2) (to (make something) catch fire: She lit the gas; I think this match is damp, because it won't light.) anzünden

•

- lightness

- lighten

- lighter
- lighting
- lighthouse
- light-year
- bring to light
- come to light
- in the light of
- light up
- see the light
- set light to II
1) (easy to lift or carry; of little weight: I bought a light suitcase for plane journeys.) leicht

2) (easy to bear, suffer or do: Next time the punishment will not be so light.) leicht

3) ((of food) easy to digest: a light meal.) leicht

4) (of less weight than it should be: The load of grain was several kilos light.) zu leicht

5) (of little weight: Aluminium is a light metal.) leicht

6) (lively or agile: She was very light on her feet.) leicht

7) (cheerful; not serious: light music.) heiter

8) (little in quantity; not intense, heavy, strong etc: light rain.) leicht

9) ((of soil) containing a lot of sand.) locker

•

- lightly

- lightness

- lighten

- light-fingered
- light-headed
- light-hearted
- lightweight
- get off lightly
- make light of
- travel light III = light on - past tense, past participle lit [lit] - verb
(to find by chance: While wandering round the town, we lit on a very cheap restaurant.)

* * *

light¹

[laɪt]

I. n

1. no pl (brightness) Licht nt

is there enough \light? ist es hell genug?

artificial/natural \light künstliches/natürliches Licht

the \light of the sun das Sonnenlicht

by the \light of the moon bei Mondschein

by the \light of the candle im Schein der Kerze

2. (light-giving thing) Licht nt, Lichtquelle f; (lamp) Lampe f

as the \lights went... als die Lichter ausgingen,...

to put [or switch] [or turn] the \light on/off das Licht einschalten/ausschalten [o fam anmachen/ausmachen

3. no pl (fire) Feuer nt; (flame) [Kerzen]flamme f

have you got a \light, please? Entschuldigung, haben Sie [vielleicht] Feuer?

to catch \light Feuer fangen

to set \light to sth BRIT etw anzünden

to strike a \light ein Streichholz [o SCHWEIZ a. Zündholz] anzünden

4. no pl (daylight) [Tages]licht nt

at [the] first \light bei Tagesanbruch

5. (for decoration)

▪ \lights pl:

Christmas \lights Weihnachtsbeleuchtung f

6. usu pl (traffic light) Ampel f

7. (sparkle) Strahlen nt kein pl, Leuchten nt kein pl

the light in his eyes das Strahlen in seinen Augen

8. ( fig: perspective) Aspekt m, Perspektive f

try to look at it in a new \light versuch' es doch mal aus einer anderen Perspektive zu sehen

she started to see him in a new \light sie sah ihn plötzlich in einem ganz neuen Licht

to show sth in a bad/good \light etw in einem schlechten/guten Licht erscheinen lassen

to put sth in a favourable \light etw in ein günstiges Licht rücken

9. no pl (enlightenment) Erleuchtung f

I saw the \light! mir ging ein Licht auf! fam

10. (spiritual illumination) Erleuchtung f

11. (person's abilities)

▪ \lights pl [geistige] Fähigkeiten

to do sth according to one's \lights etw so gut machen, wie man es eben kann

12. (bright part in picture/on object) Licht nt

\light and shadow Licht und Schatten

13. (window) Fenster nt; (window division) Oberlicht nt; (pane of glass) Fensterscheibe f

14. ( fig: person) Leuchte f fam

leading \light (best at something) großes Licht, Leuchte f fam; (leader) Nummer eins f fam

a shining \light eine große Leuchte fam, ein großes Licht fam

15. (beacon) Leuchtfeuer nt; (lighthouse) Leuchtturm m

16.

▶ to bring sth to \light etw ans Licht bringen

▶ to cast [or shed] [or throw] \light on sth etw beleuchten fig, Licht in etw akk bringen

▶ to come to \light ans Licht kommen

▶ the \light at the end of the tunnel das Licht am Ende des Tunnels fig

▶ to hide one's \light under a bushel sein Licht unter den Scheffel stellen

▶ in the \light of sth [or AM usu in \light of sth] angesichts einer S. gen, im Lichte einer S. gen liter

▶ to be the \light of sb's life ( hum) die Sonne im Leben einer Person gen sein

▶ to be [or go] out like a \light ( fam: fall asleep) sofort weg sein fam; (faint) umkippen fam

▶ to see the \light of day (come into being) das Licht der Welt erblicken; (become known) ans Licht kommen

II. adj

1. (bright) hell

it's slowly getting \light es wird allmählich hell

summer is coming and the evenings are getting \lighter der Sommer kommt und es bleibt abends länger hell

2. (pale) hell-; (stronger) blass-

III. vt

<lit or lighted, lit or lighted>

1. (illuminate)

▪ to \light sth etw erhellen; stage, room etw beleuchten; ( fig)

his investigations lit the way for many other scientists seine Forschungen waren wegweisend für viele andere Wissenschaftler

2. (turn on)

to \light an electric light das Licht einschalten [o fam anknipsen

3. (guide with light)

▪ to \light sb jdm leuchten

4. (ignite)

to \light a candle/match eine Kerze/ein Streichholz anzünden

to \light a fire ein Feuer anzünden [o fam anmachen] [o SCHWEIZ a. anfeuern], Feuer machen

to \light a cigarette/pipe sich dat eine Zigarette/Pfeife anzünden [o fam anstecken

IV. vi

<lit or lighted, lit or lighted>

1. (burn) brennen

2. ( fig: become animated) eyes, etc aufleuchten fig

her face lit with pleasure sie strahlte vor Freude über das ganze Gesicht

light²

[laɪt]

I. adj

1. (not heavy) leicht

to be as \light as a feather federleicht [o leicht wie eine Feder] sein

2. (deficient in weight) zu leicht

this sack of rice seems about 2 kilos \light ich habe den Eindruck, dieser Sack Reis wiegt 2 Kilo zu wenig

to give sb \light weight jdm zu wenig abwiegen

3. (not sturdily built) leicht

\light clothes leichte Kleidung

4. (for small loads) Klein-

\light aircraft/lorry Kleinflugzeug nt/-lastwagen m

\light railway Kleinbahn f

5. MIL

\light infantry leichte Infanterie

6. (not fully loaded) aircraft/ship/vehicle nicht voll beladen

7. (of food and drink) leicht; (low in fat) fettarm

a \light diet eine fettarme Diät

\light food leichtes Essen

a \light meal eine leichte Mahlzeit

\light pastry lockerer Teig

\light wine leichter Wein

8. (porous)

\light soil lockeres Erdreich

9. CHEM leicht

\light isotope leichtes Isotop

10. (low in intensity)

the traffic was quite \light es war kaum Verkehr

it's only \light rain es nieselt nur

\light breeze leichte Brise

11. (easily disturbed)

\light sleep leichter Schlaf

to be a \light sleeper einen leichten Schlaf haben

12. (easily done) nachsichtig, mild

\light sentence mildes Urteil

\light housework leichte Hausarbeit

13. (gentle) leicht; kiss zart; (soft) touch sanft

to have a \light touch MUS einen weichen Anschlag haben

14. (graceful)

\light building elegantes Gebäude

\light figure anmutige Gestalt

15. (not bold)

\light type eine schlanke Schrifttype

16. (not serious) leicht attr

\light entertainment leichte Unterhaltung

\light opera Operette f

\light reading Unterhaltungslektüre f

\light tone Plauderton m

17. (cheerful) frohgemut poet

with a \light heart leichten Herzens

18. ( old: unchaste) leicht

a \light girl ein leichtes Mädchen veraltend

19.

▶ to be a bit \light in one's loafers AM (pej!) etwas weibische Züge haben pej

▶ to be \light on one's feet leichtfüßig sein

▶ to make \light of sth etw bagatellisieren [o fam herunterspielen]

▶ to make \light work of sth mit etw dat spielend fertigwerden

▶ to be \light on sth es an etw dat fehlen lassen

II. adv

1. (with little luggage)

to travel \light mit leichtem Gepäck reisen

2. (with no severe consequences)

to get off \light glimpflich [o fam mit einem blauen Auge] davonkommen

* * *
I [laɪt] vb: pret, ptp lit or lighted
1. n

1) (in general) Licht nt

by the light of a candle/the fire — im Schein einer Kerze/des Feuers

light and shade — Licht und Schatten

at first light —

hang the picture in a good light — häng das Bild ins richtige Licht

to cast or throw or shed light on sth (lit) — etw beleuchten; (fig also) Licht in etw (acc) bringen

the moon cast its silvery light on... — der Mond beleuchtete... silbern or warf sein silbernes Licht auf (+acc)...

to cast a new or fresh light on sth — neues Licht auf etw (acc)

to be in sb's light (lit) — jdm im Licht stehen

in the cold light of day (fig) — bei Licht besehen

the harsh light of reality — die raue Wirklichkeit

this story shows his character in a bad light — diese Geschichte wirft ein schlechtes Licht auf seinen Charakter

to see sb/sth in a different light — jdn/etw in einem anderen Licht sehen

it showed him in a different light —

I don't see things in that light — ich sehe die Dinge anders or in einem anderen Licht

to see sth in a new light — etw mit anderen Augen betrachten

in the light of — angesichts (+gen)

the theory, seen in the light of recent discoveries — die Theorie im Licht(e) der neuesten Entdeckungen betrachtet

in the light of what you say — in Anbetracht dessen, was Sie sagen

to bring sth to light — etw ans Tageslicht bringen

to come to light —

to see the light (liter) (= be born) (= be made public) — das Licht der Welt erblicken (liter) veröffentlicht werden

finally I saw the light (inf) — endlich ging mir ein Licht auf (inf); (morally) endlich wurden mir die Augen geöffnet

to see the light of day (report) — veröffentlicht werden; (project) verwirklicht werden

the light dawned (fig) — mir ging ein Licht auf (inf)

to go out like a light — sofort weg sein (inf)

2) Licht nt; (= lamp) Lampe f; (= fluorescent light) Neonröhre f

put out the lights before you go to bed — mach das Licht aus, bevor du ins Bett gehst

all the lights went out during the storm — während des Sturms gingen alle Lichter aus

(traffic) lights — Ampel f

the lights (of a car) —

all ships must show a light while at sea lights out (Mil) — alle Schiffe müssen auf See Lichter führen Zapfenstreich m

lights out for the boys was at 8 pm — um 20 Uhr mussten die Jungen das Licht ausmachen

lights out! — Licht aus(machen)!

to hide one's light under a bushel (prov) — sein Licht unter den Scheffel stellen (prov)

the lights are on but nobody's (at) home (fig inf) — er/sie ist geistig weggetreten (inf)

3)

(= flame) have you (got) a light? — haben Sie Feuer?

to put a light to sth, to set light to sth — etw anzünden

4) (ARCHIT) (Dach)fenster nt; (= skylight) Oberlicht nt

leaded lights — in Blei gefasste Fensterscheiben

5) (in eyes) Leuchten nt

the light went out of her eyes — das Strahlen erlosch in ihren Augen

6)

(= standards) according to his lights — nach bestem Wissen und Gewissen

2. adj (+er)
hell
a light green dress — ein hellgrünes Kleid

it's getting or growing light —

it is light now — es ist jetzt hell or Tag

3. vt

1) (= illuminate) beleuchten; lamp, light anmachen

a smile lit her face — ein Lächeln erhellte ihr Gesicht

to light the way for sb — jdm leuchten; (fig)

his pioneering work lit the way for a whole generation of scholars — seine Pionierarbeit war wegweisend für eine ganze Gelehrtengeneration

2) (= ignite) anzünden; cigarette anstecken, anzünden; fire, candle anzünden, anmachen

to light a fire under sb ( esp US fig ) — jdm Feuer unter dem Hintern machen (inf)

4. vi
(= begin to burn) brennen
this fire won't light — das Feuer geht nicht an
II
1. adj (+er)
leicht; taxes niedrig; punishment milde
to give sb light weight — jdm zu wenig abwiegen

she has a very light touch on the piano — sie hat einen sehr weichen Anschlag

to be a light eater — wenig essen, kein großer Esser sein

light comedy — Lustspiel nt, Schwank m

light opera — Operette f

light reading — Unterhaltungslektüre f

a light and cheerful approach to life — eine unbeschwerte, fröhliche Einstellung zum Leben

with a light heart — leichten Herzens

as light as air or a feather — federleicht

to be light on one's feet — sich leichtfüßig bewegen

to make light of one's difficulties — seine Schwierigkeiten auf die leichte Schulter nehmen

you shouldn't make light of her problems — du solltest dich über ihre Probleme nicht lustig machen

to make light work of — spielend fertig werden mit

2. adv

to travel light — mit wenig or leichtem Gepäck reisen
III
vi pret, ptp lighted or lit (liter)
sich niederlassen
* * *

light¹ [laıt]

A s

1. Licht n, Helligkeit f:

let there be light! BIBEL es werde Licht!;

stand ( oder be) in sb’s light

a) jemandem im Licht stehen,

b) fig jemandem im Weg stehen;

stand in one’s own light

a) sich im Licht stehen,

b) fig sich selbst im Weg stehen;

get out of the light geh aus dem Licht!;

he can see the light at the end of the tunnel fig er sieht Licht am Ende des Tunnels

2. Licht n ( auch PHYS), Beleuchtung f:

in subdued light bei gedämpftem Licht

3. Licht n, Schein m:

by the light of a candle beim Licht oder Schein einer Kerze, bei Kerzenschein

4. a) Licht(quelle) n(f) (Sonne, Lampe, Kerze etc):

hide one’s light under a bushel sein Licht unter den Scheffel stellen

b) AUTO Scheinwerfer m: → flash B 1

5. Br meist pl (Verkehrs) Ampel f:

jump ( oder shoot) the lights bei Rot über die Kreuzung fahren, ein Rotlicht überfahren;

the lights were against him er hatte Rot; → green light, red light

6. SCHIFF

a) Leuchtfeuer n

b) Leuchtturm m

7. (Sonnen-, Tages)Licht n: I must finish my work while the light lasts solang(e) es noch hell ist;

see the light (of day)

a) das Licht der Welt erblicken, geboren werden,

b) fig herauskommen, auf den Markt kommen ( → A 9, A 11);

at first light bei Tagesanbruch;

in the cold light of day ( oder dawn) fig bei Licht besehen oder betrachtet

8. Tagesanbruch m:

at light bei Tagesanbruch

9. fig (Tages) Licht n:

bring (come) to light ans Licht bringen (kommen);

see the light (of day) bekannt oder veröffentlicht werden ( → A 7, A 11)

10. fig Licht n, Aspekt m:

in the light of Br, in light of US unter dem Aspekt (gen), in Anbetracht (gen), angesichts (gen);

I have never looked on the matter in that light von dieser Seite habe ich die Angelegenheit noch nie gesehen;

put sth in its true light etwas ins rechte Licht rücken;

reveal sth in a different light etwas in einem anderen Licht erscheinen lassen;

see sth in a different light etwas mit anderen Augen sehen;

show sth in a bad light ein schlechtes Licht auf eine Sache werfen

11. fig Licht n, Erleuchtung f ( auch REL):

cast ( oder shed, throw) light on sth

a) Licht auf eine Sache werfen,

b) zur Lösung oder Aufklärung einer Sache beitragen;

see the light

a) zur Einsicht kommen,

b) REL erleuchtet werden ( → A 7, A 9);

I saw the light mir ging ein Licht auf, mir gingen die Augen auf;

by the light of nature mit den natürlichen Verstandeskräften

12. pl Erkenntnisse pl, Informationen pl

13. pl Wissen n, Verstand m, geistige Fähigkeiten pl:

by ( oder according to) his lights

a) so gut er es eben versteht,

b) nach seinen Grundsätzen oder Vorstellungen oder Maßstäben,

c) für seine Verhältnisse

14. MAL

a) Licht n:

light and shade

b) Aufhellung f

15. Glanz m, Leuchten n (der Augen):

the light went out of her eyes der Glanz ihrer Augen erlosch

16. Feuer n (zum Anzünden):

have you got a light? haben Sie Feuer?;

put a ( oder set) light to sth etwas anzünden oder in Brand stecken;

strike a light ein Streichholz anzünden

17. a) Fenster(scheibe) n(f)

b) Dachfenster n

18. fig Leuchte f, großes Licht (Person): → leading light 2

19. auch light of one’s eyes poet Augenlicht n

20. pl sl Gucker pl (Augen)

B adj hell, licht (Farbe, Raum etc):

light hair helles Haar;

light red

a) Hellrot n,

b) hellrot

C v/t prät und pperf lighted, lit [lıt]

1. auch light up ein Feuer, eine Lampe anzünden:

he lit a cigarette er zündete sich eine Zigarette an

2. be-, erleuchten, erhellen:

light up hell beleuchten

3. meist light up jemandes Augen etc aufleuchten lassen

4. jemandem leuchten

5. be lit up umg angeheitert sein:

a) durch Alkoholgenuss beschwingt sein

b) leicht angetrunken sein

D v/i

1. auch light up sich entzünden

2. meist light up

a) sich erhellen, hell werden,

b) fig aufleuchten (Augen etc)

3. light up

a) Licht machen,

b) die Straßenbeleuchtung einschalten,

c) AUTO die Scheinwerfer einschalten

4. light up umg sich eine (Zigarette etc) anzünden

light² [laıt]

A adj (adv → lightly)

1. leicht (von geringem Gewicht):

(as) light as air

a) auch (as) light as a feather ( oder as thistledown) federleicht

b) fig sorgenfrei; → purse A 1

2. (spezifisch) leicht:

light metal Leichtmetall n

3. light coin US Münze f mit zu geringem Edelmetallgehalt

4. leicht (zu ertragen oder auszuführen):

light punishment;

light work; → work A 1

5. leicht (nicht tief):

light sleep; → sleeper 1

6. leicht, Unterhaltungs…:

light literature Unterhaltungsliteratur f;

light music leichte Musik, Unterhaltungsmusik f;

light opera komische Oper, Spieloper f;

light reading Unterhaltungslektüre f, leichte Lektüre

7. leicht (geringfügig):

light illness;

a light rain;

a light eater ein schwacher Esser;

a light error ein kleiner Irrtum;

light traffic geringer Verkehr;

no light matter keine Kleinigkeit;

make light of sth

a) etwas auf die leichte Schulter nehmen,

b) etwas verharmlosen oder bagatellisieren

8. leicht:

a) leicht verdaulich:

a light meal eine leichte Mahlzeit

b) mit geringem Alkohol- oder Nikotingehalt (Wein, Zigaretten etc)

9. locker (Erde, Schnee etc):

light bread leichtes oder locker gebackenes Brot

10. leicht, sanft (Berührung etc)

11. flink:

be light on one’s feet flink auf den Beinen sein

12. graziös, anmutig:

she is a light dancer

13. a) unbeschwert, sorglos, heiter, fröhlich:

with a light heart leichten Herzens

b) leichtfertig, -sinnig

c) unbeständig, flatterhaft

d) unmoralisch:

a light girl ein leichtes Mädchen

14. be light in the head (leicht) benommen sein

15. SCHIFF, MIL leicht (Artillerie, Kreuzer etc):

in light marching order mit leichtem Marschgepäck

16. a) leicht beladen

b) unbeladen, leer, ohne Ladung:

the ship returned light;

a light engine eine allein fahrende Lokomotive

17. TECH leicht (gebaut), für leichte Beanspruchung, Leicht…:

light plane Leichtflugzeug n;

light current ELEK Schwachstrom m

18. PHON

a) unbetont, schwach betont (Silbe, Vokal)

b) schwach (Betonung)

c) hell, vorn im Mund artikuliert (Laut)

B adv travel light mit leichtem Gepäck reisen

light³ [laıt] prät und pperf lighted, lit [lıt] v/i

1. obs oder poet (ab)steigen (from, off von)

2. obs oder poet fallen (on auf akk):

a cat always lights on its feet

3. obs oder poet sich niederlassen (on auf dat):

the bird lighted on a twig

4. fig obs oder poet (zufällig) stoßen (on auf akk)

5. fig obs oder poet fallen (on auf akk):

the choice lighted on him

6. light into sb umg über jemanden herfallen (auch mit Worten)

7. light out umg verduften umg, verschwinden

* * *
I 1. noun
1) Licht, das

in a good light — bei gutem Licht

be in somebody's light — jemandem im Licht sein

at first light — bei Tagesanbruch

while the light lasts — solange es [noch] hell ist

light of day — (lit. or fig.) Tageslicht, das

2) (electric lamp) Licht, das; (fitting) Lampe, die

go out like a light — (fig.) sofort weg sein (ugs.)

3) (signal to ships) Leuchtfeuer, das

4) in sing. or pl. (signal to traffic) Ampel, die

at the third set of lights — an der dritten Ampel

5) (to ignite) Feuer, das

have you got a light? — haben Sie Feuer?

put a/set light to something — etwas anzünden

6)

throw or shed light [up]on something — Licht in etwas (Akk.) bringen

bring something to light — etwas ans [Tages]licht bringen; see also see 1. 1)

7) in pl. (beliefs, abilities)

according to one's lights — nach bestem Wissen [und Gewissen]

8) (aspect)

in that light — aus dieser Sicht

seen in this light — so gesehen

in the light of — (taking into consideration) angesichts (+ Gen.)

show somebody in a bad light — ein schlechtes Licht auf jemanden werfen

put somebody in a good/bad light — jemanden in einem guten/schlechten Licht erscheinen lassen
2. adjective
hell

light-blue/-brown — etc. hellblau/-braun usw
3. transitive verb,
lit or lighted

1) (ignite) anzünden

2) (illuminate) erhellen

light somebody's/one's way — jemandem/sich leuchten
4. intransitive verb,
lit or lighted [Feuer, Zigarette:] brennen, sich anzünden lassen

Phrasal Verbs:

- light up
II 1. adjective
1) leicht

[for] light relief — [als] kleine Abwechslung

be a light sleeper — einen leichten Schlaf haben

2) (small in amount) gering

traffic is light on these roads — auf diesen Straßen herrscht nur wenig Verkehr

3) (not important) leicht

make light of something — etwas bagatellisieren

4) (nimble) leicht [Schritt, Bewegungen]

have light fingers — (steal) gern lange Finger machen (ugs.)

5) (easily borne) leicht [Krankheit, Strafe]; gering [Steuern]; mild [Strafe]

6)

with a light heart — (carefree) leichten od. frohen Herzens

7)

feel light in the head — (giddy) leicht benommen sein
2. adverb
travel light — mit wenig od. leichtem Gepäck reisen
III intransitive verb,
lit or lighted (come by chance)

light [up]on something — auf etwas (Akk.) kommen od. stoßen

* * *

adj.

blond adj.

erhellen adj.

hell adj.

leicht adj. n.

Licht -er n.

Lichtschein m.

Schein -e m. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: lit)

= anzünden v.

beleuchten v.

erleuchten v.

English-german dictionary > light
19 leg

[leg] 1. сущ.
1)

а) нога ( от бедра до ступни)

to bend one's legs — согнуть ноги

to cross one's legs — скрестить ноги, положить ногу на ногу

to lift / raise one's legs — поднять ноги

to lower one's legs — опустить ноги

to spread one's legs — вытянуть ноги

to straighten one's legs — выпрямить ноги

to stretch one's legs — вытянуть ноги

gammy брит. leg — хромая нога

б) нога, лапа, лапка (у животного, насекомого, птицы)

front legs — передние ноги, лапы

hind legs — задние ноги, лапы

to kick one's legs — брыкаться ( о животных)

в) искусственная нога, протез

artificial / wooden leg — протез, деревянная нога

2)

а) ножка; подпорка, подставка, опорная стойка

б) опора, поддержка

One leg of the chair is cracked. — Одна ножка стула треснула.

Syn:

prop, support, upright, brace, bar, pole

3) кул. ножка (часть тушки животного или птицы, используемая при приготовлении мясных блюд)

- leg of lamb
- leg of mutton
- leg of veal
4) штанина; паголенок

5)

а) этап, отрезок ( пути)

We're finally on the last leg of our journey. — Наконец-то мы находимся на последнем этапе нашего путешествия.

Syn:

portion, segment, part, stage, section, lap, stretch

б) спорт. этап ( эстафеты); круг ( в беге); тур ( соревнований)

He won the first two legs of horse racing. — Он победил в двух первых заездах на скачках.

6) разг. жулик, мошенник, шулер

Syn:

blackleg

7) расшаркивание; выражение пиетета, уважения, подчинения

He is one that cannot make a good leg. — Он из тех, кто не умеет продемонстрировать почтение там, где нужно.

to make a leg — расшаркиваться

Syn:

obeisance, bow

8) мат.

а) сторона ( треугольника)

б) катет ( в прямоугольном треугольнике)

9) амер.; радио плечо, ветвь, ответвление ( радиолинии)

10) ( legs) мор. короткие канаты

11) тех. колено, угольник

12) эл. фаза

••

to get a leg in разг. — втереться в доверие

to stretch one's legs according to the coverlet посл. — По одёжке протягивай ножки.

to have by the leg амер. — поставить в затруднительное положение

to take to one's legs — удрать, улизнуть

to stand on one's own legs — быть независимым

to have the legs of smb. — бежать быстрее кого-л.; убежать от кого-л.

to pull smb.'s leg — морочить голову кому-л.; дурачить

to keep one's legs — прочно держаться на ногах; устоять

to run off one's leg — сбиться с ног

to walk smb. off his legs — сильно утомить кого-л. ходьбой, прогулкой

- give smb. a leg up
- set smb. on his legs
- put smb. on his legs
- have not a leg to stand on 2. гл.; разг.
1) ( leg it) быстро идти или бежать; сматываться, сваливать

Leg it, the police are coming! — Сматываемся, полиция!

He was now to be seen legging it across the field. — Было видно, как он быстро бежит по полю.

2) толкать, проталкивать ногами

A little boy was legging the boat along. — Маленький мальчик толкал ногами лодку вперёд.

3) спорт. посылать ( мяч) на ногу

4)

а) ударять по ноге

б) ухватить или держать за ногу

5) разг. дать подножку (кому-л.)

•

- leg up
- leg it

Англо-русский современный словарь > leg
20 leg

нога имя существительное:
нога (leg, foot, shank, hoof, peg, stump)

ножка (leg, foot, stem, stalk, pedicle, PIN)

этап (stage, phase, milestone, leg, lap)

ветвь (branch, ramification, arm, leg, path, bough)

колено (knee, elbow, bend, leg, limb, genu)

стойка (rack, bar, stand, counter, pillar, leg)

голень (shin, leg, calf, shank)

лапка (leg, pud, tenon)

сторона (side, party, hand, way, aspect, leg)

штанина (leg, trouser-leg)

фаза (phase, stage, leg, gradation)

протез (prosthesis, artificial limb, leg, prothesis, prosthetic appliance)

часть пути (leg)

подставка (stand, rack, pedestal, support, coaster, leg)

галс (tack, leg, reach, board, traverse)

подпорка (prop, support, brace, bracket, stanchion, leg)

расшаркивание (leg)

угольник (angle, elbow, setsquare, leg, center, knee)

попытка (attempt, try, effort, Endeavor, shot, leg)

искусственная нога (leg)
глагол:
бежать (run, escape, flee, race, scoot, leg)

шагать (step, tread, pace, stride, leg, foot-slog)

проталкивать ногой (leg)

ударить по ноге (hack, leg)

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > leg

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

Artificial development — (also known as artificial embryogeny or computational development) is an area of computer science and engineering concerned with computational models motivated by genotype phenotype mappings in biological systems. Artificial development is often… … Wikipedia
Artificial island — An artificial island or man made island is an island or archipelago that has been constructed by people rather than formed by natural means. They are created by expanding existing islets, construction on existing reefs, or amalgamating several… … Wikipedia
Artificial Ants — In computer science, Artificial Ants stand for multi agent methods inspired by the pheromone based communication of biological ants. Combinations of Artificial Ants and local search algorithms have become a method of choice for numerous… … Wikipedia
Stand on Zanzibar — infobox Book | name = Stand on Zanzibar title orig = translator = image caption = Cover of first edition (hardcover) author = John Brunner illustrator = cover artist = country = United Kingdom language = English series = genre = Science Fiction… … Wikipedia
Christmas tree stand — An Austrian Christmas tree stand, just one of the various existing styles A Christmas tree stand is an object designed to support a cut, natural or an artificial Christmas tree. Christmas tree stands appeared as early as 1876 and have had various … Wikipedia
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex — 攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX (Kōkaku Kidōtai: Stand Alone Complex) Anime Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex Dirección Kenji Kamiyama Estudio Production I.G … Wikipedia Español
List of Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex episodes — The collection box released in North America by Manga Entertainment. Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX, Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu … Wikipedia
A. I. Artificial Intelligence — Warner Bros. , 143 minutes, June 2001 Concept: Stanley Kubrick; Executive Producers: Jan Harlan,Walter F. Parkes; Producers: Bonnie Curtis, Kathleen Kennedy, Steven Spielberg; Director: Steven Spielberg; Screenplay: Steven Spielberg, Ian… … The Encyclopedia of Stanley Kubrick
JoJo's Bizarre Adventure — The cover of the first volume of the official English manga release. ジョジョの奇妙な冒険 (JoJo no Kimyō na Bōken) … Wikipedia
Mercado Jamaica, Mexico City — Stand selling flowers at the Mercado Jamaica Mercado Jamaica is one of Mexico City’s traditional public markets where various vendors sell their wares in an established location. This market was inaugurated in the 1950s as part of efforts to… … Wikipedia
Christmas tree — For other uses, see Christmas tree (disambiguation). A lit up Christmas Tree with ornaments [1] The Christmas tree, also known as a Yule tree, is a decorated evergreen coniferous tree, real o … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

artificial stand

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

artificial stand

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: